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Vantage to Pomona Heights Chapter 4 230 kV Transmission Line Project FEIS Environmental Consequences PAGE 4-230 CATEGORY DAILY EXPENDITURES CONSTRUCTION TOTAL IMPLAN SECTOR ALTS A-H NNR ALT* NNR ALT - MR SUBROUTE ALTS A-H NNR ALT* NNR ALT - MR SUBROUTE Entertainment $10 $10 $10 $152,788 $104,927 $128,574 410 Food Stores $15 $15 $15 $229,182 $157,390 $192,862 324 Misc. (gas, etc.) $20 $20 $20 $305,577 $209,853 $257,149 330 Car rental (visitors only) $50 $50 $50 $91,250 $91,250 $91,250 362 Total spending onsite workers $155 $155 $155 $155 $155 $155 Total daily spending $4,017 $4,017 $4,017 $4,456 $5,460 Annual spending $1,695,527 $1,192,979 $1,441,982 *Agency Preferred Alternative 4.9.5 Impact Types 4.9.5.1 Employment Construction of the Project would provide an average of 26 to 41 jobs (peak of 45) directly on-site for the one year of construction. As the workers spend their incomes in the Study Region and suppliers of goods and services needed to construct the facilities receive additional incomes and spend their increases in income on Study Region goods and services, firms in the area would hire more employees to service increased demand. These multiplier, or ripple effects, would lead to an increase in area employment above the peak of 45 jobs provided on-site. 4.9.5.2 Income Like impacts on employment, impacts on income would occur due to spending of wages earned by on-site construction workers and related visitors and through purchases of local goods and services needed to construct the Project. While construction wages tend to be very high compared to wages in most other industries, a relatively low proportion of construction workers would be hired from the local labor force. Similarly, purchases of local goods and services for construction would be fairly low, since most of the materials (e.g., transmission structures, electrical, and electronic components) would need to be purchased from out-of-area vendors. 4.9.5.3 Population and Housing The increases in employment on-site and its multiplier effects in the Study Region would increase the employment base in the Study Region, thereby increasing opportunities for in-migration and reducing opportunities for out-migration. Some in-migrating workers would bring dependents (or persons who otherwise would leave the region with their dependents would remain). Therefore, the population impact of the Project would include both workers and their dependents. Changes in migration and, hence, population would be limited due to three factors: 1) 90 percent of the jobs on-site would be filled by itinerant personnel, who do not typically bring dependents with them for temporary work assignments; 2) Unemployment levels in the region in mid-2017-2018, the assumed year of construction, are expected to remain relatively high by historical standards, making it more likely that some jobs would be filled from the local labor force than by persons in-migrating (10 percent; local hires was assumed herein, but could be higher); and 3) The employment increases, like the construction period, would be temporary.