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Summary <br />* https://highways.dot.gov/sites/fhwa.dot.gov/files/2024-01/ <br />Safe_System_Roadway_Design_Hierarchy.pdf <br />This Toolbox presents 43 safety <br />countermeasures applicable in different <br />roadway contexts. <br />Many of the countermeasures have an associated <br />Crash Reduction Factor (CRF) and crash type (i.e., <br />all modes, bicycle and pedestrian crashes only, <br />etc.) as outlined in the California Local Roadway <br />Safety Manual (LRSM). The higher the CRF (1 being <br />the highest), the greater the expected reduction <br />in crashes. Countermeasures not in the LRSM are <br />scored on a “low-medium-high” research availability <br />scale based on proven safety studies. The higher <br />the rating, the greater the availability of rigorous <br />research demonstrating proven safety benefits. <br />Countermeasures also feature the tier rankings <br />introduced by the FHWA Safe System Roadway <br />Design Hiearchy. The Safe System Roadway Design <br />Hierarchy includes four tiers arranged from most to <br />least aligned with Safe System principles.* <br />Other Reference Information <br />FHWA Manual for Selecting Safety Improvements on High Risk Rural Roads <br />Barrier in the center of the roadway that physically separates <br />opposing vehicular traffic. Median barriers can also help control <br />access to and from side streets and driveways, reducing the <br />number of conflict points. <br />Cost $$$ <br />Low Cost / Quick Build alternative available <br />LRSM ID R03 <br />INTERSECTIONS & ROADWAYS <br />Median Barrier <br />SAFE SYSTEM HIERARCHY <br />Remove Severe <br />Conflicts <br />Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 <br />Countermeasure <br />Description <br />Countermeasure <br />Icon <br />Cost ($ / $$ / $$$) <br />LRSM ID <br />Countermeasure <br />Title <br />Safe System <br />Roadway Design <br />Hierarchy <br />3Kittitas County | Snoqualmie Pass Comprehensive Safety Plan | Appendix J: Countermeasures Toolbox