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• Maintenance and Preservation: Routine and ongoing activities to keep roads and bridges in good <br />physical condition and to ensure utility of public assets. This includes gravel roads, paved roads, <br />super /sub-structure annual repairs, traffic control, street lighting, snow and ice control, street <br />cleaning, and vegetation control. <br />• Other Operations: This includes flood control, extraordinary operations, maintenance for drainage <br />and irrigation, maintenance for parks and recreation, reimbursable work, inter-departmental work, <br />Road Improvement District expenditures, and transfers out to Equipment Replacement and Repair. <br />The historical operating expenses shown in Exhibit 6 are projected forward using different approaches, <br />as described in Exhibit l 0. <br />Exhibit 10. Projection Approaches for Future Operating Expenditures <br />MAINTENANCE AND PRESERVATION <br />EXPENDITURES OPERATING EXPENDITURES <br />These expenses are captured by the Recommended <br />Maintenance and Preservation Expenditures list, <br />developed by Fehr and Peers with the County as part <br />of the 20-Year Comprehensive Plan Transportation <br />Element update. This list addresses recommended <br />maintenance and preservation costs that keep roads <br />and bridges in a good state of repair. <br />Note that these costs do not include the $20 million for <br />bridge replacements that are structurally deficient or <br />functionally obsolete and the $41.5 million for <br />bridges past their useful life (75 years per the <br />Washington State Department of Transportation <br />standard). For these project costs, see the separate <br />capital projects list. <br />The future annual investment for maintenance and <br />preservation is estimated at $4.85 million. The full <br />cost over 20 years is $97 million. <br />• Gravel (gravel roads) <br />• Maintenance (including super/ sub-structure annual <br />repairs) <br />• Preservation (paved roads) <br />• Traffic Control <br />• Street Lighting <br />• Snow and Ice Control <br />• Street Cleaning <br />• Vegetation Control <br />These expenses address the costs of operations, and <br />they are projected based on the rate of change of <br />per capita operating expenses over the historical <br />period. Engineering costs are calculated based on the <br />historical trend from 2008-2016, then projected <br />forward from 2017, due to a significant jump <br />between 201 6 and 2017. <br />There are two exceptions: Facility Operations were <br />projected based on average per capita operating <br />expenses over the last 5 years due to a jump in <br />expenses in 2013. Other Operations were projected <br />based on average per capita operating expenses <br />over the last 1 0 years due to the volatility of the sub- <br />categories. <br />Total projected operating expenditures over the 20- <br />year period are $73 million. <br />• Administration and Overhead <br />• Engineering <br />• Planning <br />• Facility Operations <br />• Other Operations <br />Sources: Kittitas County Public Works 201 8; BERK Consulting 2018; Fehr and Peers 20 l 8. <br />: ~I I May 22, 20 l 8 Kittitas County Public Works I 20-Year TIP Fiscal Sustainability Strategy: Final Report 12