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countermeasures <br />A toolbox of engineering countermeasures is <br />included in Appendix J. These countermeasures can <br />serve as a menu of options to help address crash <br />likelihood factors and crash trends identified in <br />Chapter 3 and outlined below. Figure 25 outlines <br />what information is included in the toolbox. Most <br />of the countermeasures have been identified <br />by FHWA as Proven Safety Countermeasures <br />and can be advantageous for use in Highway <br />Safety lmprovement Program (HSIP) funding <br />applications. There are also many effective safety <br />countermeasures beyond those listed by FHWA, <br />several of which are included in the toolbox. <br />Proposed Cou ntermeasu res <br />forAll Locations <br />The maps associated with each priority <br />I ocati o n ( Fi gu res 26 -32) id entify "short-term " <br />countermeasures intended to relieve concerns while <br />more "long-term" countermeasures a re pursued. <br />Short and long-term improvements are intended to <br />work in conjunction with one another over time. <br />These countermeasures are split into either corridor <br />improvements, intersection improvements, or <br />crossing treatments. Highlighted items are FHWA <br />Proven Safety Countermeasures. <br />Cost Levels <br />ln each priority location, countermeasure cost <br />estimates are displayed as ranges rather than <br />absolute values to reflect the variability of <br />tra nsportation en gineeri n g. These ra nges account <br />for differences in site conditions, design complexity, <br />material costs, and implementation logistics that can <br />affect final expenses. By showing a cost range, we <br />provide a more realistic and flexible understanding <br />Figure 25. Countermeasures Toolbox Example <br />Source: Fehr & Peers, 2024. <br />Countemeasure <br />Dsription <br />LRSM ID <br />Kittitas County I Snoqualmie Pass Comprehensive Safety Plan 44 <br />Median Barrier Counterm*sure <br />INTERSECTIONS T' ROADWAYS <br />Barrier in the center of the roadway that physically separates <br />opposing vehicular traffic. Median barriers can also help control <br />access to and from side streets and driveways, reducing the <br />number of conflict points. <br />Cost ($ / $$ / $$$) Cost $$s <br />Low Cost / Quick Build alternative available <br />LRSM rD R03 <br />Tler2 nerd Tler 4 <br />Table 2. Countermeasure Cost Estimates <br />Title <br />lcon <br />Countermeagure <br />FHWA Manual torSelectnss:fetylmprcvemenb on Hish Rtsk Rural Roads <br />Safe System <br />Roadway D€slgn <br />Hierarchy <br />SAFE SYSTEM HIERARCHY <br />Tbr 1 <br />Remove Severe <br />Conflicts <br />Timeline <br />. Near-Term: Countermeasures to implement <br />within one to three years, as resources allow. <br />. Mid-Term: Countermeasures to implement <br />within four to seven years, as resources allow. <br />. Long-Term: Countermeasures to implement <br />in eight or more years, as resources allow. <br />of potential investment needs. This approach also <br />su pports tra nspa rency a nd adapta bi lity d urin g <br />budgeting and prioritization discussions, especially <br />$ <br />$$ <br />$$$ <br />$$$$ <br />$$$$$ <br />Low <br />Medium <br />Moderate <br />High <br />Highest <br />Less than $100,000 <br />$100,o01-$5oo,ooo <br />$500,001-$1,000,000 <br />$ 1,000,001-$5,000,000 <br />More than $5,000,000 <br />Source: SCJ,2025. <br />when comparing multiple locations with varying <br />cha racteristics. Approxi mate pla n ni n g-level costs for <br />each countermeasure are outlined in Table 2. <br />Typical Construction CostCost Level