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KITTITAS COUNTY SOLID WASTE ON-CALL <br />CLE ELUM TRANSFER STATION FRONT ENTRANCE DESIGN <br />PW\JA\KITTCO02\ENTRANCE TRENCH BACKFILL <br />JUNE 2023 31 23 23.15 - 1 <br />©COPYRIGHT 2023 JACOBS <br />SECTION 31 23 23.15 <br />TRENCH BACKFILL <br />PART 1 GENERAL <br />1.01 REFERENCES <br />A. The following is a list of standards which may be referenced in this section: <br />1. American Public Works Association (APWA): Uniform Color Code. <br />2. ASTM International (ASTM): <br />a. D698, Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction <br />Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 <br />(600 kN-m/m3)). <br />b. D1140, Standard Test Methods for Amount of Material in Soils <br />Finer than No. 200 (75 micrometer) Sieve. <br />c. D2487, Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for <br />Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System). <br />d. D4318, Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, <br />and Plasticity Index of Soils. <br />3. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA): Z535.1, Safety <br />Colors. <br />1.02 DEFINITIONS <br />A. Base Rock: Granular material upon which manhole bases and other structures <br />are placed. <br />B. Bedding Material: Granular material upon which pipes, conduits, cables, or <br />duct banks are placed. <br />C. Imported Material: Material obtained by Contractor from source(s) offsite. <br />D. Lift: Loose (uncompacted) layer of material. <br />E. Pipe Zone: Backfill zone that includes full trench width and extends from <br />prepared trench bottom to an upper limit above top outside surface of pipe, <br />conduit, cable or duct bank. <br />F. Prepared Trench Bottom: Graded trench bottom after excavation and <br />installation of stabilization material, if required, but before installation of <br />bedding material.