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promotes the accumulation of litter and mulch necessary to conserve soil and <br />water. <br />Rangeland <br />Land on which the potential natural vegetation is predominantly grasses, <br />grasslike plants, forbs, or shrubs suitable for grazing or browsing. It includes <br />natural grasslands, savannas, many wetlands, some deserts, tundras, and <br />areas that support certain forb and shrub communities. <br />Reaction, soil <br />A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a soil, expressed as pH values. A soil that <br />tests to pH 7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction because it is neither <br />acid nor alkaline. The degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH values, <br />are: <br />Ultra acid: Less than 3.5 <br />Extremely acid: 3.5 to 4.4 <br />Very strongly acid: 4.5 to 5.0 <br />Strongly acid: 5.1 to 5.5 <br />Moderately acid: 5.6 to 6.0 <br />Slightly acid: 6.1 to 6.5 <br />Neutral: 6.6 to 7.3 <br />Slightly alkaline: 7.4 to 7.8 <br />Moderately alkaline: 7.9 to 8.4 <br />Strongly alkaline: 8.5 to 9.0 <br />Very strongly alkaline: 9.1 and higher <br />Red beds <br />Sedimentary strata that are mainly red and are made up largely of sandstone <br />and shale. <br />Redoximorphic concentrations <br />See Redoximorphic features. <br />Redoximorphic depletions <br />See Redoximorphic features. <br />Redoximorphic features <br />Redoximorphic features are associated with wetness and result from alternating <br />periods of reduction and oxidation of iron and manganese compounds in the <br />soil. Reduction occurs during saturation with water, and oxidation occurs when <br />the soil is not saturated. Characteristic color patterns are created by these <br />processes. The reduced iron and manganese ions may be removed from a soil <br />if vertical or lateral fluxes of water occur, in which case there is no iron or <br />manganese precipitation in that soil. Wherever the iron and manganese are <br />oxidized and precipitated, they form either soft masses or hard concretions or <br />nodules. Movement of iron and manganese as a result of redoximorphic <br />processes in a soil may result in redoximorphic features that are defined as <br />follows: <br />Custom Soil Resource Report <br />54 Index #10