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Breast height <br />An average height of 4.5 feet above the ground surface; the point on a tree <br />where diameter measurements are ordinarily taken. <br />Brush management <br />Use of mechanical, chemical, or biological methods to make conditions <br />favorable for reseeding or to reduce or eliminate competition from woody <br />vegetation and thus allow understory grasses and forbs to recover. Brush <br />management increases forage production and thus reduces the hazard of <br />erosion. It can improve the habitat for some species of wildlife. <br />Butte <br />An isolated, generally flat-topped hill or mountain with relatively steep slopes <br />and talus or precipitous cliffs and characterized by summit width that is less <br />than the height of bounding escarpments; commonly topped by a caprock of <br />resistant material and representing an erosion remnant carved from flat-lying <br />rocks. <br />Cable yarding <br />A method of moving felled trees to a nearby central area for transport to a <br />processing facility. Most cable yarding systems involve use of a drum, a pole, <br />and wire cables in an arrangement similar to that of a rod and reel used for <br />fishing. To reduce friction and soil disturbance, felled trees generally are reeled <br />in while one end is lifted or the entire log is suspended. <br />Calcareous soil <br />A soil containing enough calcium carbonate (commonly combined with <br />magnesium carbonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with cold, dilute <br />hydrochloric acid. <br />Caliche <br />A general term for a prominent zone of secondary carbonate accumulation in <br />surficial materials in warm, subhumid to arid areas. Caliche is formed by both <br />geologic and pedologic processes. Finely crystalline calcium carbonate forms a <br />nearly continuous surface-coating and void-filling medium in geologic (parent) <br />materials. Cementation ranges from weak in nonindurated forms to very strong <br />in indurated forms. Other minerals (e.g., carbonates, silicate, and sulfate) may <br />occur as accessory cements. Most petrocalcic horizons and some calcic <br />horizons are caliche. <br />California bearing ratio (CBR) <br />The load-supporting capacity of a soil as compared to that of standard crushed <br />limestone, expressed as a ratio. First standardized in California. A soil having a <br />CBR of 16 supports 16 percent of the load that would be supported by standard <br />crushed limestone, per unit area, with the same degree of distortion. <br />Canopy <br />The leafy crown of trees or shrubs. (See Crown.) <br />Custom Soil Resource Report <br />29 Index #10