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Vantage to Pomona Heights Chapter 4 230 kV Transmission Line Project FEIS Environmental Consequences PAGE 4-226 4.9.3 Workforce Requirements The socioeconomic analysis assumed that construction of the Project would require approximately 45 workers on-site at its peak (Table 2-4) and periodic presence of off-site management and inspection personnel. Construction would take one year from start to completion, assumed to occur during calendar year mid -2017-2018. During that year, the average number of on-site workers would be 41 construction workers for Alternatives A-H and 26 construction workers for the NNR Alternative and NNR Alternative - MR Subroute, plus approximately five visiting personnel for all Action Alternatives. These workers will not all be present at precisely the same location. Construction activities will likely occur at more than one location at a time, as is necessary with transmission line construction. Sequencing of access road construction, foundation installation, transmission structure erection, line stringing, testing, and reclamation means that the work site is constantly moving. Construction phasing plans have not been developed, but could entail an overall approach of 1) beginning construction at one substation and proceeding sequentially to completion at the other terminal substation, 2) beginning at both substations and proceeding to a middle point, or 3) construction activities scattered over the Action Alternative, depending on factors such as terrain, water crossing, weather, and timing restrictions. 4.9.4 Local Spending on Goods and Services Local spending for Project construction and by its workers will add to demand for local goods and services, causing further increases in employment and income attributable to the Project as the expenditures are spent, circulating in the local economy. This creates “ripple” or “multiplier” effects whereby the total impact is a multiple of the original economic stimulus. Purchases of goods and services such as transmission towers, wires, and most electronic components are expected to be made outside the Study Region and would therefore not contribute to increased local demand. Similarly, wages paid to itinerant workers would mostly increase demand in their home areas, rather than locally, except for their local spending. 4.9.4.1 Project Construction Goods and Services Very little of the approximately $17.3 to $31.3 million in expenditures on materials and services for construction would be spent in the Study Region. This is because major capital items needed for transmission lines and substations are generally not manufactured or sold in the Region, but will be purchased from vendors located elsewhere. Local purchases for signage, advertising, aggregate for roads and foundations, construction trailers, and miscellaneous business and government services are likely, but would be relatively small. Only $1.1 to 1.8 million of the total Project materials and services costs would be for locally-provided goods and services. The amounts assumed to be purchased locally are shown in Table 4.9-2.