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* Additional soil may be needed to ensure good soil to stem contact. Preference should be given <br />to native soil nearby to encourage mycorrhizal formation and/or nodule formation by nitrogen - <br />fixing organisms. <br />* Mud the cuttings in after they are placed in the hole. Use a bucket and mix soil and water <br />together to get the consistency of cheap syrup. Pour the mix into the hole around the cutting <br />until it reaches the surface. As the water leaches into the surrounding soil, the soil will settle <br />out around the cutting and will ensure good soil to stem contact. <br />* The planting depth will determine the planting method. Deeper holes will be easier if you use a <br />power auger, he Sfinger, the waterjet st-in er, ora soil- au . <br />* Experimentation with planting <br />methods before starting will <br />ensure the right equipment has <br />been selected. This would also be <br />a good time to train the planting <br />crew on use of equipment, safety <br />and planting techniques. <br />The Stinger is a 3.5 in diameter bar of cold <br />rolled steel that is attached to a backhoe or <br />excavator in place of the bucket. It is used <br />to retrofit rock riprap with willows and <br />cottonwoods. <br />For more information, see Idaho Plant The Stinger planting tree -type willows on the Snake <br />Materials Technical Note 6: The Stinger, a River near American Falls, ID <br />tool to plant unrooted hardwood cuttings of <br />willow and cottonwood species for riparian or shoreline erosion control or rehabilitation (Hoag and Ogle <br />1994). <br />The waterjet stinger is a hydrodrill that uses <br />high pressure water to drill a hole in the <br />streambank. This tool is composed of a high <br />pressure water pump with 2 probes that have <br />stainless steel nozzles that increase the water <br />pressure so it comes out the holes in the <br />nozzle at 80 psi. When the nozzle is placed <br />on the streambank, the water liquefies the <br />soil and cuts a hole as it goes down. The <br />soil is in solution with the water. When the <br />hole is deep enough, the probe is removed <br />and an unrooted willow or cottonwood pole <br />is inserted into the hole. As the water and <br />soil solution settles, the water moves into the <br />soil profile and the soil settles out around the <br />cutting eliminating air pockets that might form around the cuttings resulting in excellent stem to soil <br />contact. Complete information on how to build a waterjet stinger and it's use can be found in Idaho Plant <br />16 <br />